On April 21, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) issued a final determination in its antidumping (AD) and countervailing duties (CVD) investigation from four Southeast Asia countries: Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, and Cambodia.
The United States has one of the largest solar markets in the world. According to the Solar Energy Industries Association, the U.S. solar market was valued at $70.4 billion in 2024, supporting more than 10,000 businesses.[1] Due to its lucrative nature, the U.S. solar market attracts the export of solar cells, the main component for solar panels, from various countries. While it is too early to conclude how much impact the AD & CVD investigation will have on the U.S. solar market, this article breaks down the DOC’s final determination its AD & CVD investigation.
Vietnam: Antidumping (A-552-841)
The antidumping investigation of solar cells from Vietnam covers the period from October 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024. All imports of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Vietnam is covered by this AD investigation. 9 out of the 11 mandatory respondents received a rate of 82.65%. One mandatory respondent received a rate of 58.07% and one mandatory respondent received a rate of 125.91%. The DOC determined that the Vietnam-Wide Entity rate is 271.28%.
Vietnam: Countervailing Duty (C-552-842)
The countervailing duty investigation of solar cells from Vietnam covers the period from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. All imports of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Vietnam is covered by this CVD investigation. Four out of the six mandatory respondents received the use of adverse facts available rate (AFA) of 542.64%. One mandatory respondent received a rate of 68.15% and one mandatory respondent received a rate of 230.66%. The DOC determined that the all-others rate, i.e., rate for non-selected respondents, is 124.57%.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Antidumping Final Determination and scope can be found here.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Countervailing Duty Final Determination and scope can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Antidumping Final Determination can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Countervailing Duty Determination can be found here.
Malaysia: Antidumping (A-557-830)
The antidumping investigation of solar cells from Malaysia covers the period from April 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024. All import of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Malaysia is covered by this AD investigation. Four out of the six mandatory respondents received an AFA rate of 81.24%. One mandatory respondent received a rate of 0.00% and one mandatory respondent received a rate of 8.59%. The all-others rate of this investigation is 8.59%.
Malaysia: Countervailing Duty (C-557-831)
The countervailing duty investigation of solar cells from Malaysia covers the period from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. All import of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Malaysia is covered by this CVD investigation. Three out of the five mandatory respondents received an AFA rate of 168.80%. One mandatory respondent received a rate of 14.64% and one mandatory respondent received a rate of 38.38%. The all-others rate of this investigation is 32.49%.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Antidumping Final Determination and scope can be found here.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Countervailing Duty Final Determination and scope can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Antidumping Final Determination can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Countervailing Duty Determination can be found here.
Thailand: Antidumping (A-549-851)
The antidumping investigation of solar cells from Thailand covers the period from April 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024. All import of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Thailand is covered by this AD investigation. Two of the three mandatory respondents received an AFA rate of 202.90% and one mandatory respondent received a rate of 11.45%. The all-others rate for this investigation is 111.45%.
Thailand: Countervailing Duty (C-549-852)
The countervailing duty investigation of solar cells from Thailand covers the period from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. All import of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Thailand is covered by this CVD investigation. Two of the three mandatory respondents received an AFA rate of 799.55% and one mandatory respondent received a rate of 263.74%. the all-others rate for this investigation is 263.74%.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Antidumping Final Determination and scope can be fond here.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Countervailing Duty Final Determination and scope can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Antidumping Final Determination can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Countervailing Duty Determination can be found here.
Cambodia: Antidumping (A-555-003)
The antidumping investigation of solar cells from Cambodia covers the period from April 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024. All import of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Cambodia is covered by this AD investigation. All mandatory respondents received an AFA rate of 125.37%. The all-others rate for this investigation is 125.37%.
Cambodia: Countervailing Duty (C-555-004)
The countervailing duty investigation of solar cell from Cambodia covers the period from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. All import of the subject merchandise, except excluded merchandise, from Cambodia is covered by this CVD investigation. Four out of the five mandatory respondents received an AFA rate of 3,403.96% and one mandatory respondent received a rate of 534.67%. The all-others rate for this investigation is 534.67%.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Antidumping Final Determination and scope can be found here.
The full Federal Register Notice of the Countervailing Duty Final Determination and scope can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Antidumping Final Determination can be found here.
The full DOC Issue and Decision Memorandum of the Countervailing Duty Determination can be found here.
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